‘To sell or not to sell’: Licensing versus selling by an outside innovator

We study various modes of technology transfer of an outside innovator in a spatial framework when the potential licensees are asymmetric. In addition to different licensing options, we also look into the option of selling the property rights of innovation and find the optimal mode of technology transfer. For licensing we find the optimal policy is to offer pure royalty contracts to both licensee firms when cost differentials between the firms are relatively small compared to the transportation cost, otherwise offer a fixed fee licensing contract to the efficient firm only. Interestingly, we show the innovator is always better-off selling the innovation to any one of the firms who further licenses it to the rival firm. The result holds irrespective of the size of the innovation (drastic or non-drastic) and the degree of cost asymmetry between the licensees. Social welfare is greater under selling than licensing.     

City Size,Population Concentration and Productivity: Evidence from China

This paper investigates the impact of China's city size and urban population concentration on city productivity by developing a distinctive index based on global nighttime light data. Using the panel data of 280 prefecture cities from 2004 to 2013 and employing dynamic system generalized method of moments and panel threshold model regression techniques, our results show that city size has a positive impact on city productivity; therefore, cities in China still have the potential to expand. While moderate urban population concentration can benefit city productivity, excessively concentrated urban population distribution may impede the growth of city productivity. We also find that the level of labor income significantly affects the impacts of urban agglomeration on labor productivity. Therefore, our results imply that city development policies should focus more on how to appropriately allocate economic activities and adjust population distribution in urban areas according to different stages of economic development.     

Hamburg's Spaces of Danger: Race,Violence and Memory in a Contemporary Global City

Germany today is experiencing the strongest upsurge of right‐wing populism since the second world war, most notably with the rise of Pegida and Alternative für Deutschland. Yet wealthy global cities like Hamburg continue to present themselves as the gatekeepers of liberal progress and cosmopolitan openness. This article argues that Hamburg's urban boosterism relies on, while simultaneously obscuring, the same structures of racial violence that embolden reactionary movements. Drawing on the work of Walter Benjamin and Allan Pred, we present an archaeology of Hamburg's landscape, uncovering some of its ‘spaces of danger’—sites layered with histories of violence, many of which lie buried and forgotten. We find that these spaces, when they become visible, threaten to undermine Hamburg's cosmopolitan narrative. They must, as a result, be continually erased or downplayed in order to secure the city as an attractive site for capital investment. To illustrate this argument, we give three historical examples: Hamburg's role in the Hanseatic League during the medieval and early modern period; the city under the Nazi regime; and the recent treatment of Black African refugees. The article's main contribution is to better situate issues of historical landscape, collective memory and racialized violence within the political economy of today's global city.     

宗地规模、城市类型与土地出让溢价——基于70个大中城市住宅用地出让数据的实证分析

研究目的:确定住宅用地出让溢价率水平与宗地规模之间的关系,比较不同规模和区位城市中这一关系的差异。研究方法:理论分析,面板数据分析。研究结果:总体上宗地规模对土地溢价率的影响呈现"倒U"型变化关系,不同规模和区位城市中这一关系有差异。人口介于500万～1 000万之间的特大城市中土地溢价水平受宗地规模的影响较为强烈,东部和中部城市中宗地规模大小对土地溢价水平影响显著,西部城市不显著。研究结论:地方政府在总量既定条件下调整宗地投放规模可在一定程度上调控土地溢价率。     

土地经营规模对农户种粮收入的影响分析——以吉林省公主岭市为例

土地是财富之母,土地作为农民进行农业生产的基本生产资料,是农民收入来源的重要依托。家庭联产承包责任制实施至今虽然取得很大成就,但是以家庭经营为主的传统经营方式弊端日益显现,农民种粮收入难以实现有效增长。[目的]为了达到农村土地适度规模经营,调整农村产业结构、促进农民增收、加快小城镇建设等目的。[方法]通过选取产粮大县公主岭市为研究对象,利用实地调研数据对不同土地经营规模下的种粮成本及利润水平进行比较,并运用c-D生产函数对数据进行多元线性回归分析。[结果]从种植成本来看,5~20hm~2中等经营规模投入的综合成本低于5hm~2以下小规模和20hm~2以上大规模经营;从利润来看,5~20hm~2中等经营规模无论是自有承包地还是转包地所获得的每667m~2平均利润均高于小规模和大规模的经营规模。[结论]公主岭市农户土地经营面积为5~20hm~2的中规模优于其他土地经营规模。同时运用多元线性回归模型分析其对农户种粮收入的影响程度,进一步证实土地经营规模对农民种粮收入具有积极促进作用。从而提出推进公主岭市土地适度规模经营的对策建议。     

城市低保制度在邵阳市区的实施情况调查——以对212户低保受助者的调查为例

为了解城市低保制度的实施情况,从中发现存在的问题以及解决这些问题的方法,相关研究机构组织了由大学生组成的调查员对邵阳市城区内多个社区两百余户低保受助者进行了走访调查。调查结果显示,低保制度能发挥居民最低生活保障的作用,是一项完成了基本任务的顶层设计;自谋生计是大部分低保受助者的主要经济来源,而低保制度不具备"养懒汉"的经济可能性。     

铜陵市城乡一体化的经验及城镇化质量提升的思考

中国的城镇化将是带动世界经济发展的重要引擎之一。铜陵市是安徽省经济发展效率及城镇化水平最高的地级市，经济城镇化质量优良。铜陵市城乡一体化改革作为一次较为彻底的改革，有着可供推广和借鉴的意义，文章基于调研报告总结铜陵市城乡一体化的经验，并思考进一步提升城镇化质量的途径，以促进铜陵经济发展和社会和谐稳定。     

国土空间多功能利用效益评价——以广东省汕头市为例

进行汕头市国土空间多功能利用效益评价,为汕头市科学利用土地,进行国土规划、提高国土利用效率奠定前提和基础。以可持续发展为目的,结合汕头市自然社会发展特点及国土空间利用现状,从社会、经济、资源与生态环境4个功能为切入点,建立4个功能层10个准则层27个指标的国土空间多功能利用效益评价指标体系,并采用熵值法对各功能进行评分。研究结果显示:汕头市国土空间经济功能评分最高,为汕头市国土空间主导功能,其次是经济、资源、环境功能,但社会、文化等功能较弱,各功能缺乏平衡。15年来,汕头市国土空间评价总体评分不断提高,表明国土利用效益在持续提高,但各功能发展不均衡以及人地矛盾依然突出,需要不断加强和完善国土空间规划。     

创意人才和创意城市相互作用机理分析

随着创意经济时代的到来,吸引、培育创意人才和发展创意城市已经成为发达国家或地区发展的重要议题。论文在界定创意人才、创意城市内涵的基础上,对两者相互作用机理进行了深入分析,以图为国内创意人才、创意城市的共同发展提供有益的理论借鉴。     

从“镇”到“市”实现宁波新型城镇化嬗变

推进新型城镇化,小城镇的地位和作用至关重要,宁波必须以统筹城乡发展为重要抓手,不失时机地实现由“镇”到“城”的历史性跨越.可从宁波中心镇培育历程、困境与突破出发,指出宁波小城市培育必须以“以人为本”作为发展方向,以“城乡统筹”为根本路径,以“制度创新”为发展动力.